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All about the Chinese drum, orchestra essential once seen as a way to talk to the gods

Both the barrel-shaped tanggu, which can be more than 3 metres wide, and the much smaller frame drum are found on the Chinese concert stage

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Luk Kin-bun, the percussion principal of Hong Kong Chinese Orchestra, with a large “tanggu” drum. The instrument, a mainstay of Chinese orchestra percussion sections, has been around in China for thousands of years in various forms. Photo: Jonathan Wong
This is the fifth in a series of articles about classical Chinese instruments and the traditional Chinese music orchestra, in which we explore how musicians play the eight different types of instrument, and their history.
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The drum is one of the things early humans all had in common, whether they were in Mesopotamia, ancient Egypt or China 5,000 years ago.

A collection of clay drums at the National Museum of China dates back to the Majiayao culture (circa 3800BC-2000BC) that was based in what is now Gansu province in northwest China.

These instruments would have had membranes – also called drum skins or drumheads – made from animal hides; sounds were produced by striking their surfaces.

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The Sounds of China: A beginner’s guide to Chinese musical instruments

The Sounds of China: A beginner’s guide to Chinese musical instruments

According to the Book of Rites, or Liji, which is more than 2,000 years old, drums were ceremonial music instruments that it was thought could speak to the gods when struck, presumably because their sound could be heard several kilometres away.

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