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Is Vietnam’s restrained approach to maritime issues the key to fewer, muted confrontations with China?

  • Vietnam also has the ability to isolate maritime issues from bilateral ones, analysts say, ensuring fewer confrontations compared to the Philippines
  • Chinese vessels patrol near Vietnam’s oil and gas fields in the South China Sea but this hasn’t resulted in high-profile confrontations

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Chinese President Xi Jinping shakes hands with General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam Central Committee Nguyen Phu Trong in Hanoi. Photo: Xinhua
Vietnam’s low-key approach to maritime issues and its non-ally status with the United States have ensured that ongoing naval rows with Beijing in the South China Sea are on a more even keel compared with confrontations over similar disputes between the Philippines and China.
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Hanoi also has the ability to isolate maritime issues from other bilateral ones, analysts say.

Abdul Rahman Yaacob, a research fellow in the Southeast Asia programme at the Lowy Institute in Australia, said Vietnam’s approach to its relations with China was not framed entirely by South China Sea disputes.

Vietnamese officials he had spoken to pointed to the many positive aspects in China-Vietnam relations, in which maritime disputes constituted only “a small aspect”.

This allows Hanoi “to manage and isolate these from other bilateral relations”, according to Rahman, who added that Vietnamese officials privately informed Beijing when Chinese coastguard ships had harassed fishing vessels, for example.

“These incidents are not publicised as Vietnam prefers to deal with them privately,” Rahman said, noting that such an approach was likely to have influenced China’s approach to its maritime disputes with Vietnam, leading to fewer confrontations with Hanoi.

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In recent months, tensions have risen between China and the Philippines in the South China Sea, with forces on both sides engaging in numerous confrontations while officials traded accusations of sowing conflict.
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