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Asia’s fascination with cults: from Singapore deities to Japan’s sarin gas killers

Delve into chilling tales of followers lured by false promises of salvation – and the cult leaders who preyed on their vulnerabilities

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Televisions in Japan show news of Shoko Asahara’s execution in 2018. His Aum Shinrikyo cult could have produced enough sarin gas to kill millions, investigators said. Photo: Kyodo

Asia, home to billions and a multitude of faiths, is a fertile breeding ground for shamans, spiritualists, cults, and sects that exist outside formal religions. While some of these groups promote harmless beliefs, others propagate dubious or even dangerous doctrines.

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From India’s array of homespun gurus to the Philippines’ doomsday cults and the many self-proclaimed reincarnations of the Buddha in Thailand, many claim healing abilities and unique connections to the divine – often at a cost.

With influence can come troubling political connections. And while some groups may seem harmless, others are violent and exploitative. Experts note that the region’s diverse mix of community needs, power dynamics, poverty and deep-rooted beliefs creates an environment that’s ripe for exploitation.

Gardens by the Bay in Singapore. Even the ultra-modern city state is not immune to the allure of cults. Photo: Getty Images
Gardens by the Bay in Singapore. Even the ultra-modern city state is not immune to the allure of cults. Photo: Getty Images
Even the ultra-modern city state of Singapore is not immune. In June, a woman referred to in court documents as Woo May Hoe was sentenced to 10-and-a-half years in prison for brainwashing her followers into believing she was a deity.

Over an eight-year period to 2020, the 54-year-old Singaporean led a group of about 30 followers who revered Sri Sakthi Narayani Amma, an Indian spiritual leader, the court heard.

Woo convinced them she could communicate with gods, demanded they refer to her as “lord” and some even moved in with her to act as personal assistants. Those who disobeyed her were forced to eat faeces or had their teeth pulled out as punishment.

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Seeking healing for themselves or their loved ones, her followers paid Woo S$7 million (US$5.4 million) for spiritual “cleansing” and took out some S$6.6 million in loans, which she used for her own benefit.

Lee Man-hee, leader of the Shincheonji Church of Jesus, has claimed to be the second coming of Christ. Photo: AFP
Lee Man-hee, leader of the Shincheonji Church of Jesus, has claimed to be the second coming of Christ. Photo: AFP
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