after

applicationId

count

entityId

scmpPlusPaywallTypeIds

superTopicQueueName

topicPageQuery

hooksTopicWidgetQuery

topic

discoveryWidgetPostMagazineQueueQuery

chinaScienceDiscoveryWidgetQuery

hundredTopTablesDiscoveryWidgetQuery

openQuestionsSeriesDiscoveryWidgetQuery

appConfig

filter

entityUuid

advertZone

sponsor

name

urlAlias

hooksTopic

hooksUseDynamicMetaTags

topicAdsTopic

topicDescriptionTopic

topicHeaderTopic

topicRestContentsTopic

topicSeoTopic

topicTopContentsTopic

topicTopicPageTopic

queue

items

section

query topicPageQuery(
  $after: String
  $applicationId: String!
  $count: Int = 28
  $entityId: String!
  $scmpPlusPaywallTypeIds: [String]
  $superTopicQueueName: String!
) {
  ...hooksTopicWidgetQuery_49mQWb
  topic(filter: {entityId: $entityId}) {
    entityId
    entityUuid
    advertZone(version: 2)
    sponsor {
      name
      id
    }
    name
    urlAlias
    ...hooksTopic
    ...hooksUseDynamicMetaTags
    ...topicAdsTopic
    ...topicDescriptionTopic
    ...topicHeaderTopic
    ...topicRestContentsTopic
    ...topicSeoTopic
    ...topicTopContentsTopic
    ...topicTopicPageTopic_44JfPG
    id
  }
  superTopicQueue: queue(filter: {name: $superTopicQueueName}) {
    items(first: 10) {
      edges {
        node {
          __typename
          ... on Content {
            __isContent: __typename
            entityUuid
            ...homeSecondaryContentItemContent
            ...sectionTopLeadPrimaryContentItemContent
            ...topStoriesItemContent
          }
          ... on Node {
            __isNode: __typename
            id
          }
        }
      }
    }
    id
  }
}

fragment articleCommentArticle on Article {
  ...entityLink
  commentCount
  entityId
}

fragment blockquoteQuoteContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...contentShareWidgetContent
}

fragment checkersCheckContentContainsStarlingImageContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  topics {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment chinaScienceDiscoveryWidgetQuery on Query {
  chinaScienceSection: section(filter: {entityId: "328475"}) {
    ...latestDiscoveryWidgetSection
    id
  }
  chinaScienceQueue: queue(filter: {name: "section_top_328475"}) {
    ...latestDiscoveryWidgetQueue
    id
  }
}

fragment contentActionBarContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  entityId
  createdDate
  updatedDate
  publishedDate
  readingTime
  ...articleCommentArticle
  ...helpersIsArticleVideoAsHeroArticle
  ...helpersGetContentTypeNameContent
  ... on Article {
    hasVideoContent
  }
}

fragment contentCoverImageContent_2m5Gjt on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  images {
    url
    title
    type
    size1200x800: style(filter: {style: "1200x800"}) {
      url
    }
    size540x360: style(filter: {style: "540x360"}) {
      url
    }
  }
}

fragment contentCoverImageContent_34Njms on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  images {
    url
    title
    type
    landscape250x99: style(filter: {style: "landscape_250_99"}) {
      url
    }
    size540x360: style(filter: {style: "540x360"}) {
      url
    }
  }
}

fragment contentCoverImageContent_4hzFNJ on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  images {
    url
    title
    type
    size768x768: style(filter: {style: "768x768"}) {
      url
    }
    size540x360: style(filter: {style: "540x360"}) {
      url
    }
  }
}

fragment contentHeadlineContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  headline
  socialHeadline
  ...contentHeadlineTagContent
  ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent
}

fragment contentHeadlineTagContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...hooksContentHeadlineTagContent
}

fragment contentLiveTagContent on Article {
  ...helpersCheckHasLiveTagArticle
}

fragment contentNewsletterWidgetContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  topics {
    relatedNewsletters {
      ...helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter
      id
    }
    id
  }
  sections {
    value {
      relatedNewsletters {
        ...helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter
        id
      }
      id
    }
  }
  ... on Article {
    relatedNewsletters {
      ...helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment contentReadingTimeContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  readingTime
  flag
}

fragment contentSchemaRenderContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...blockquoteQuoteContent
  ...imageContent
  ...inlineWidgetContent
  ...photoGalleryWidgetContent
  ...scmpYoutubeContent
}

fragment contentSectionsContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  sections {
    value {
      ...helpersCheckIfNewsSectionInFirstIndexSection
      ...entityLink
      name
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment contentShareWidgetContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  entityId
  urlAlias
  shortUrl
  socialHeadline
  headline
}

fragment contentSponsorTagContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent
}

fragment contentSubHeadlineContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  subHeadline {
    json
  }
  summary {
    json
  }
  ...contentSchemaRenderContent
}

fragment contentSummaryContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  __typename
  summary {
    text
  }
}

fragment contentTopicLinkContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  topics {
    urlAlias
    ...entityLink
    ...topicLinkTopic
    id
  }
}

fragment discoveryWidgetPostMagazineQueueQuery on Query {
  postMagazineDiscoveryQueue: queue(filter: {name: "section_top_71"}) {
    items(first: 6) {
      edges {
        node {
          __typename
          ... on Article {
            entityId
            ...postMagazineDiscoveryItemContent
          }
          ... on Node {
            __isNode: __typename
            id
          }
        }
      }
    }
    id
  }
}

fragment entityFollowButtonBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {
  __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename
  __typename
  ... on Section {
    entityId
    name
  }
  ... on Author {
    entityId
    name
    disableFollow
  }
  ... on Topic {
    entityId
    name
    disableFollow
  }
}

fragment entityLink on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {
  __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename
  __typename
  entityId
  entityUuid
  urlAlias
  urlRedirect {
    toUrl
    id
  }
  application {
    entityId
    id
  }
  ... on Section {
    fullSectionPath {
      entityId
      id
    }
    parentSection
  }
  ...helpersAppBarVariantBase
  ...helpersApplicationBase
  ...helpersCheckIsPlusArticle
  ...helpersStyleSectionContent
}

fragment followButtonBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {
  __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename
  ...entityFollowButtonBase
  entityId
}

fragment helpersAppBarVariantBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {
  __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename
  ...helpersCheckIsLiveArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPlusPage
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesPage
  ...helpersCheckIsPostMagazineArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle
  ...helpersSectionContent
  ...helpersStyleSectionContent
}

fragment helpersApplicationBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {
  __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle
  ...helpersCheckIsPostiesPage
  ...helpersCheckIsPlusPage
}

fragment helpersCheckHasLiveTagArticle on Article {
  flattenTypeIds
  liveArticle {
    status
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIfNewsSectionInFirstIndexSection on Section {
  name
}

fragment helpersCheckIsLiveArticle on Article {
  flattenTypeIds
  liveArticle {
    status
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsMainTopicContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  topics {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPlusArticle on Article {
  paywallTypes {
    entityUuid
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPlusPage on Page {
  urlAlias
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPostMagazineArticle on Article {
  sections {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle on Article {
  sections {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersCheckIsPostiesPage on Page {
  urlAlias
}

fragment helpersCheckIsStyleArticle on Article {
  sections {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersGetArticleTypeNameArticle on Article {
  types {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersGetContentTypeNameContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  __typename
  ... on Article {
    ...helpersGetArticleTypeNameArticle
  }
}

fragment helpersIsArticleVideoAsHeroArticle on Article {
  multimediaEmbed {
    json
  }
}

fragment helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter on Newsletter {
  entityId
  name
  alternativeName
  description {
    text
  }
  summary {
    text
  }
  homepageDescription {
    text
  }
}

fragment helpersSanitizeArticleTypeEntityIdsArticle on Article {
  types {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment helpersSanitizeAuthorTypesArticle on Article {
  authors {
    types
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersSanitizedAuthorEntityIdsArticle on Article {
  authors {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersSectionContent on Section {
  fullSectionPath {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersStyleSectionContent on Section {
  fullSectionPath {
    entityId
    id
  }
}

fragment helpersUseContentSponsorContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  topics {
    entityId
    sponsor {
      ...sponsorTagSponsor
      name
      type
      id
    }
    id
  }
  ... on Article {
    sponsorType
  }
  ...helpersCheckIsMainTopicContent
}

fragment homePrimaryContentItemContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  entityId
  urlAlias
  ...entityLink
  ...helpersCheckHasLiveTagArticle
  ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent
  ...hooksContentItemProvidersContent_3DJqIz
}

fragment homeSecondaryContentItemContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  entityId
  urlAlias
  ...entityLink
  ...helpersCheckHasLiveTagArticle
  ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent
  ...hooksContentItemProvidersContent_1YUsN1
}

fragment hooksContentHeadlineTagContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ... on Article {
    types {
      value {
        name
        entityId
        description {
          text
        }
        id
      }
    }
    ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle
  }
  flag
  sections {
    value {
      name
      id
    }
  }
  ...hooksContentHelperContent
}

fragment hooksContentHelperContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...helpersSanitizeArticleTypeEntityIdsArticle
  ...helpersSanitizeAuthorTypesArticle
  ...helpersSanitizedAuthorEntityIdsArticle
  flag
}

fragment hooksContentItemProvidersContent_14w7Xi on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...contentCoverImageContent_2m5Gjt
  ...contentHeadlineContent
  ...contentSummaryContent
  ...contentReadingTimeContent
  ...contentSponsorTagContent
  ... on Video {
    __typename
    ...videoDurationOverlayVideo
  }
}

fragment hooksContentItemProvidersContent_1YUsN1 on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...contentActionBarContent
  ...contentCoverImageContent_2m5Gjt
  ...contentHeadlineContent
  ...contentLiveTagContent
  ...contentSectionsContent
  ...contentSubHeadlineContent
  ...contentSummaryContent
  ...contentTopicLinkContent
  ...contentSponsorTagContent
  ... on Video {
    __typename
    ...videoDurationOverlayVideo
  }
}

fragment hooksContentItemProvidersContent_2gnGW2 on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...contentActionBarContent
  ...contentHeadlineContent
  ...contentLiveTagContent
  ...contentSectionsContent
  ...contentSubHeadlineContent
  ...contentSummaryContent
  ...contentTopicLinkContent
  ...contentSponsorTagContent
  ... on Video {
    __typename
    ...videoDurationOverlayVideo
  }
}

fragment hooksContentItemProvidersContent_3DJqIz on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...contentActionBarContent
  ...contentCoverImageContent_2m5Gjt
  ...contentHeadlineContent
  ...contentLiveTagContent
  ...contentSectionsContent
  ...contentSummaryContent
  ...contentTopicLinkContent
  ...contentSponsorTagContent
  ... on Video {
    __typename
    ...videoDurationOverlayVideo
  }
}

fragment hooksContentItemProvidersContent_Y5tau on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...contentActionBarContent
  ...contentCoverImageContent_4hzFNJ
  ...contentHeadlineContent
  ...contentSponsorTagContent
  ... on Video {
    __typename
  }
}

fragment hooksTopic on Topic {
  types
  sponsor {
    __typename
    id
  }
}

fragment hooksTopicWidgetQuery_49mQWb on Query {
  topic(filter: {entityId: $entityId}) {
    entityId
    ...hooksTopic
    ...topicAdsTopic
    ...topicMetadataDisplayTopic
    id
  }
  ...discoveryWidgetPostMagazineQueueQuery
  ...chinaScienceDiscoveryWidgetQuery
  ...hundredTopTablesDiscoveryWidgetQuery
  ...openQuestionsSeriesDiscoveryWidgetQuery_2uEaAo
  appConfig(filter: {entityId: "scmp_pwa_widget"}) {
    json
    id
  }
}

fragment hooksUseDeepLinkTagsBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {
  __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename
  __typename
  urlAlias
  entityId
}

fragment hooksUseDynamicMetaTags on DynamicMetaTags {
  __isDynamicMetaTags: __typename
  metatags {
    key
    value
  }
}

fragment hundredTopTablesContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...entityLink
  ...hooksContentItemProvidersContent_Y5tau
}

fragment hundredTopTablesDiscoveryWidgetQuery on Query {
  hundredTopTablesQueue: queue(filter: {name: "section_top_517759"}) {
    items(first: 5) {
      edges {
        node {
          __typename
          ... on Article {
            entityId
            ...hundredTopTablesContent
          }
          ... on Node {
            __isNode: __typename
            id
          }
        }
      }
    }
    id
  }
  hundredTopTablesSection: section(filter: {entityId: "517759"}) {
    ...entityLink
    id
  }
}

fragment imageContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  headline
  ...checkersCheckContentContainsStarlingImageContent
}

fragment inlineWidgetContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...contentNewsletterWidgetContent
}

fragment latestDiscoveryWidgetQueue on Queue {
  items(first: 6) {
    edges {
      node {
        __typename
        ... on Article {
          entityId
          ...homeSecondaryContentItemContent
        }
        ... on Node {
          __isNode: __typename
          id
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

fragment latestDiscoveryWidgetSection on Section {
  urlAlias
  name
  entityId
  parentSection
}

fragment openQuestionsSeriesDiscoveryWidgetQuery_2uEaAo on Query {
  openQuestionSeriesTopic: topic(filter: {entityId: "518656"}) {
    name
    urlAlias
    contents(exclude: {paywallTypeIds: $scmpPlusPaywallTypeIds}, first: 6, orderBy: {field: PUBLISHED_DATE, direction: DESC}) {
      edges {
        node {
          __typename
          ... on Article {
            entityId
            ...homeSecondaryContentItemContent
          }
          id
        }
      }
    }
    id
  }
}

fragment photoGalleryDialogContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  __typename
  ...contentShareWidgetContent
}

fragment photoGalleryWidgetContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...photoGalleryDialogContent
}

fragment postMagazineDiscoveryItemContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  entityId
  urlAlias
  ...articleCommentArticle
  ...entityLink
  ...helpersCheckHasLiveTagArticle
  ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent
  ...hooksContentItemProvidersContent_14w7Xi
}

fragment scmpYoutubeContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  entityId
  urlAlias
  publishedDate
}

fragment sectionTopLeadPrimaryContentItemContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  entityId
  urlAlias
  topics {
    ...followButtonBase
    id
  }
  ...entityLink
  ...contentCoverImageContent_34Njms
  ...helpersCheckHasLiveTagArticle
  ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent
  ...hooksContentItemProvidersContent_2gnGW2
}

fragment sponsorTagSponsor on Sponsor {
  name
  type
  images {
    url
  }
}

fragment topStoriesItemContent on Content {
  __isContent: __typename
  ...homePrimaryContentItemContent
  ...homeSecondaryContentItemContent
  ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent
}

fragment topicAdsTopic on Topic {
  entityId
  advertZone(version: 2)
}

fragment topicDescriptionTopic on Topic {
  ...topicHeaderRelatedLinksTopic
  ...entityFollowButtonBase
  ...hooksTopic
  ...topicMetadataDisplayTopic
  extraMetadata {
    __typename
  }
  ...entityLink
  mobileImage: image(type: MOBILE_APP_IMAGE) {
    style(filter: {style: "300x300"}) {
      url
    }
  }
  name
  description {
    text
  }
  chineseName
  updatedDate
}

fragment topicHeaderRelatedLinksTopic on Topic {
  ...hooksTopic
  relatedLink {
    title
    url
  }
  relatedTopics {
    name
    urlAlias
    id
  }
}

fragment topicHeaderTopic on Topic {
  ...topicHeaderRelatedLinksTopic
  ...entityFollowButtonBase
  ...hooksTopic
  ...entityLink
  mobileImage: image(type: MOBILE_APP_IMAGE) {
    style(filter: {style: "300x300"}) {
      url
    }
  }
  name
  chineseName
  sponsor {
    ...sponsorTagSponsor
    id
  }
}

fragment topicLinkTopic on Topic {
  ...entityLink
  name
  shortName
}

fragment topicMetadataDisplayTopic on Topic {
  ...hooksTopic
  extraMetadata {
    key
    value
    topic {
      name
      ...entityLink
      types
      urlAlias
      mobileImage: image(type: MOBILE_APP_IMAGE) {
        style(filter: {style: "300x300"}) {
          url
        }
      }
      id
    }
  }
}

fragment topicRestContentsTopic on Topic {
  entityId
  advertZone(version: 2)
}

fragment topicSeoTopic on Topic {
  name
  description {
    text
  }
  entityId
  urlAlias
  metaDescription
  image(type: OG) {
    url
  }
  ...hooksUseDeepLinkTagsBase
  ...hooksUseDynamicMetaTags
}

fragment topicTopContentsTopic on Topic {
  entityId
  advertZone(version: 2)
}

fragment topicTopicPageTopic_44JfPG on Topic {
  contents(after: $after, exclude: {paywallTypeIds: $scmpPlusPaywallTypeIds}, first: $count, filter: {applicationIds: [$applicationId]}, orderBy: {field: PUBLISHED_DATE, direction: DESC}) {
    edges {
      node {
        __typename
        __isContent: __typename
        entityUuid
        ...homeSecondaryContentItemContent
        ...sectionTopLeadPrimaryContentItemContent
        ...topStoriesItemContent
        id
      }
      cursor
    }
    pageInfo {
      endCursor
      hasNextPage
    }
  }
  id
}

fragment videoDurationOverlayVideo on Video {
  duration
  sections {
    value {
      entityId
      id
    }
  }
}


types

extraMetadata

relatedLink

relatedTopics

image

description

chineseName

updatedDate

metaDescription

parentSection

json

section_top_71

section_top_328475

section_top_517759

China-born gene-editing star scientist Zhang Feng recognised with top US prize

CRISPR-Cas9 pioneer presented with National Medal of Technology and Innovation in White House awards ceremony.


China plans to build ‘Three Gorges dam in space’ to harness solar power

Chinese rocket scientist reveals blueprint for ‘incredible project’ to build solar power station in space using super heavy rockets.


China’s Mars mission leaves US for space dust with Nasa at least 4 years behind

Samples collected by Perseverance rover not expected until at least 2035, four years behind Tianwen-3’s ‘grab-and-go’ timetable.


Chinese doctors surprised by reports of HMPV surge, saying flu is a much bigger problem

International media reports have said hospitals are being ‘overwhelmed’ by cases, but medical staff say that is not the case.


New discoveries raise China’s lithium reserves to second largest in the world

Recent finds, including a massive deposit in Tibet, will help meet demand for metal, which is key for EV batteries and other technologies.


Biomathematician Hu Yijuan among Chinese scientists leaving US for China

The renowned biostatistician has left Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia for a full-time post with her prestigious alma mater in Beijing.


Science

Drink in Focus: Cigarette at Bar De Luxe

Your Hong Kong weekend drinks guide for January 9-11

Your Hong Kong weekend food guide for January 10-12

Your Hong Kong weekend food guide for January 3-5

Your Hong Kong weekend drinks guide for January 3-4

China’s rise, potential recession, no WWIII yet: 11 key interviews from 2024

From a Nobel laureate and economists to scholars and historians, here are some of our best Open Questions interviews of the year.


Trump, Cop29 and why Chinese eco-warrior Ma Jun sees green shoots of hope

NGO founder explains how mapping initiative helps hold authorities and companies accountable for carbon emissions and cover-ups.


Historian Jay Winter on why we aren’t heading towards WWIII yet and how wars have changed

US historian Jay Winter explains how the nature of war shifted after WWI and WWII, and the impact it has on the world today.


Middle East ‘the best place’ for China and US to cooperate, observer says

Prominent academic Pan Guang gives his view on Beijing’s role in conflict mediation, its engagement with the Global South, and belt and road security.


China’s property bender has led to long, tough hangover: economist Mao Zhenhua

Chinese economist Mao Zhenhua, who was among the first to spot weaknesses in the country’s real estate sector, says the era of large-scale construction which fuelled the property crisis has ended.


Justin Lin Yifu on China’s third plenum, overcapacity and avoiding Japan’s fate

Professor and economist Justin Lin Yifu says China’s industrial policy is paramount to continued development, tech innovation and the transition to higher productivity.


Open Questions series

Should museums return antiquities to their countries of origin? Some say no

New fronts have opened up in the war of cultural restitution, raising complex ethical and legal questions as some argue against museums returning foreign artefacts.


Cézanne and Renoir’s strikingly different styles, explored in a new exhibition

Hong Kong Museum of Art’s exhibition, ‘The Hong Kong Jockey Club Series: Cézanne and Renoir Looking at the World’, will feature a collection of 52 late 19th century works from the Impressionist masters.


3 top wellness trends to watch in 2025, from fitness communities and mindful eating to mushroom coffee

In the advent of artificial intelligence, cutting-edge wellness technology and a growing awareness of holistic health practices, there are now more ways than ever to get in, and stay in, tip-top shape.


A Bengaluru train ride back in time

A journey into the colonial past visits four restored railway stations on the Bengaluru-Kolar line.


No 1 Jay Chou fan? A scientist just named 16 spiders after his songs

In 2011, Taiwan’s astronomers named an asteroid after the Mandopop star – now, a scientist has brought us ‘Excuse spider’ and ‘Rainbow spider’.


Why this couple went for a ‘midimalist’ home after their international move to Bath, UK

After moving back to the UK from Hong Kong, Kate Sbuttoni mixed Asian aesthetics with her global treasures, creating an eclectic home.


Standard Chartered’s Priority Private emphasises financial goals and lifestyle experiences

Priority Private marked its fifth anniversary with an exclusive suite of global experiences for its clients and their upcoming generations.


Prioritising banking experiences

Standard Chartered’s Priority Private emphasises financial goals and lifestyle experiences

Priority Private marked its fifth anniversary with an exclusive suite of global experiences for its clients and their upcoming generations.