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Agence France-Presse

The World Health Organization warned Wednesday that the recent surge in bird flu outbreaks among mammals could help the virus spread more easily among humans.
Since late 2021, Europe has been gripped by its worst-ever outbreak of bird flu, while North and South America have also experienced severe outbreaks.
This has led to the culling of tens of millions of poultry worldwide, many with the H5N1 strain of the virus, which first emerged in 1996.
But there has recently been a worrying spike in infections in mammals.
“Avian influenza viruses normally spread among birds, but the increasing number of H5N1 avian influenza detections among mammals – which are biologically closer to humans than birds are – raises concern that the virus might adapt to infect humans more easily,” the WHO said in a statement.

Avian influenza viruses normally spread among birds, but the increasing detections of H5N1 avian influenza among mammals - which are biologically closer to humans than birds are - raise concern that the virus might change to infect humans more easily https://t.co/dzuLv6uSdt pic.twitter.com/qq28b4mcWC
— World Health Organization (WHO) (@WHO) July 12, 2023

“In addition, some mammals may act as mixing vessels for influenza viruses, leading to the emergence of new viruses that could be more harmful to animals and humans.”
Outbreaks have been reported in 26 species, including farmed mink in Spain and sea lions in Chile. H5N1 was recently detected in cats in Poland.
The WHO, along with the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), urged countries to work together to save animals and protect people.
“There is a recent paradigm change in the ecology and epidemiology of avian influenza which has heightened global concern as the disease spread to new geographical regions and caused unusual wild bird die-offs, and alarming rise in mammalian cases,” said WOAH science chief Gregorio Torres.
Chinese woman dies of H3N8, marking first human fatality from bird flu strain
Infections in humans can cause severe disease with a high mortality rate. Human bird flu cases are usually the result of direct or indirect exposure to infected live or dead poultry or contaminated environments.
“The virus does not appear to be able to transmit from one person to another easily, but vigilance is needed to identify any evolution in the virus that can change that,” said the WHO’s pandemic preparedness chief Sylvie Briand.
Experts were looking for changes that could be more dangerous to humans, and urged countries to boost their monitoring capabilities, she added.
“This is especially important as the virus is now affecting countries with limited prior experience in avian-flu surveillance,” Briand said.


The WHO said that since 2020, a variant had led to an “unprecedented” number of deaths in wild birds and poultry in many countries in Africa, Asia and Europe. The virus spread to North America in 2021 and then to Central and South America in 2022.
Last year, 67 countries in five continents reported highly pathogenic H5N1 bird flu outbreaks, with more than 131 million domestic poultry lost due to death or culling in affected farms and villages.
In 2023, another 14 countries reported outbreaks, mainly in the Americas, as the disease continues to spread.
These outbreaks have caused “devastation” in poultry and had harmed farmers’ livelihoods and the food trade, the WHO said.
Japan farmers urged not to crack from stress of bird flu crisis, egg shortages
“Several mass death events have been reported in wild birds,” the UN health agency added.
“Although largely affecting animals, these outbreaks pose ongoing risks to humans,” it said.
“The epidemiology of H5N1 continues to rapidly evolve,” said the FAO’s chief veterinary officer Keith Sumption.
He pleaded for timely sharing of genetic sequences to monitor for changes, resulting in better risk assessment and disease control.


Australia’s bird flu outbreak affects McDonald’s breakfasts: ‘ensure there’s eggs on shelves’

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Hongkongers should avoid touching wild birds amid possible mutation in deadly H5 avian flu virus, expert says

H5N1 strain of bird flu found in milk from infected cows, WHO says

Bird flu viruses

WHO worried bird flu might adapt to humans ‘more easily’

Zookeeper and biologist Fernanda Short holds a Sula Leucogaster bird that is in the first stage of quarantine as it is investigated for bird flu at the Santa Ursula University Marine Animal Rehabilitation Centre in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in June. Photo: AP

Why sick minks are reigniting worries about bird flu spreading to humans

sick minks are reigniting worries about bird flu spreading to humans. Photo: AP/File

Heavy machinery is cleansed after being used by members of Danish health authorities, assisted by members of the Danish Armed Forces in disposing of dead mink in a military area near Holstebro, Denmark, on November 9 2020. Photo: AP/File

Bird flu spreads to new countries, threatens non-stop ‘war’ on poultry

Outbreaks of the virus have widened in North and South America, Europe, Asia and Africa. Photo: Reuters

Some experts suspect climate change may be contributing to the global spread. Photo: EPA-EFE

A sign in London asks people not to feed birds. Photo: EPA-EFE

A bird flu outbreak response team in Sacaba, Bolivia. Photo: AP

Egg prices have soared thanks to the worst-ever global bird flu outbreak that’s ravaged poultry and hen flocks in Europe and US. Photo: AFP

Japanese restaurants drop eggs from menu as many scramble to save costs

A boiled food shop in Kyushu. About 28 of the 100 major food and beverage operators listed on Japan’s stock market have done away with items made of eggs or aim to do so. Photo: Shutterstock

Officials in protective suits working to cull chickens at a poultry farm in Kobayashi in Miyazaki Prefecture, southwestern Japan, after an outbreak of bird flu was confirmed there. Photo: Kyodo

News

World

There has been a surge of outbreaks in mammals, which are biologically closer to humans
The animals could also serve as ‘mixing vessels’, leading to the emergence of new and potentially more harmful viruses


There has been a surge of outbreaks in mammals, which are biologically closer to humans.


World Health Organization (WHO)

Disease

Animals

Food and agriculture

WHO worried bird flu might adapt to humans ‘more easily’

There has been a surge of outbreaks in mammals, which are biologically closer to humans The animals could also serve as ‘mixing vessels’, leading to the emergence of new and potentially more harmful viruses

There has been a surge of outbreaks in mammals, which are biologically closer to humans

The animals could also serve as ‘mixing vessels’, leading to the emergence of new and potentially more harmful viruses