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Finbarr Bermingham

Chad Bray

A frenzied debate has kicked off in Britain’s parliament over news that an alleged Chinese spy was privy to sensitive materials relating to foreign policy.
Hardliners say the news shows that the British government’s efforts to re-engage China are misplaced, and has put Prime Minister Rishi Sunak’s attempts to steady the ship in China-UK relations at risk.
The man worked for the China Research Group, a think tank founded by now security minister Tom Tugendhat, according to multiple sources familiar with the matter.
He was also employed as a parliamentary researcher for Alicia Kearns, chairwoman of the influential foreign affairs committee of MPs, the sources said.
The alleged spy was arrested on suspicion of violating Britain’s Official Secrets Act in Edinburgh in March and a second man was arrested in Oxfordshire at the same time, according to the Metropolitan Police.
Hong Kong resident ‘posed as philanthropist’ to spy on China for US
Both men have been released on bail until a date in October and neither has been formally charged, according to police.
The investigation is ongoing, so the Met has not provided details of what activities the men have been accused of undertaking. In cases of this kind, few details emerge before a person is formally charged.
The Sunday Times first reported over the weekend that the researcher had been arrested on suspicion of spying for China.
The story dominated media rounds on Monday morning. The Times followed up with a story naming the individual in question on Monday after backbench MPs threatened to use parliamentary privilege to name him without fear of being sued.
On Monday, the Press Association reported that the researcher said he was “completely innocent”, citing a statement released by his lawyers.
“I have spent my career to date trying to educate others about the challenge and threats presented by the Chinese Communist Party,” the researcher said. “To do what has been claimed against me in extravagant news reporting would be against everything I stand for.”

The individual’s X (formerly Twitter) and LinkedIn accounts have been deactivated and he could not be immediately reached for comment on Monday. Kearns’ office declined to comment, whilst Tugendhat’s office did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
“The reality of a Chinese spy in the UK Parliament is a moment to think again about our policy. When Rishi Sunak became Prime Minister he referred to China as a ‘systemic threat’ to the UK and our interests. Since then this has been significantly watered down,” said Iain Duncan Smith, the former Conservative Party leader who has become the most prominent China hawk in the country.
Appearing on Sky News on Monday, the Business Secretary Kemi Badenoch urged a more cautious response, saying that “we certainly should not be describing China as a foe”, when asked if China should be considered a threat.
“Chinese people are different from the Chinese government. It is important to be diplomatic, we shouldn’t be using language that makes people scared,” Badenoch said.
“The group he was working for was not for a pro-China group, so it will be quite interesting to understand when the investigation is over how this all came about.”
The allegations also were raised during Sunak’s meeting with Premier Li Qiang on the margins of the G20 summit in New Delhi on Sunday.
According to BBC News, it was “the first substantive issue raised in the discussion by Rishi Sunak, in a meeting lasting around 20 minutes and described by a source on the British side as ‘business-like’”.
Chinese and British leaders meet, hours after ‘spy’ arrest claim
“The whole House is rightly appalled about reports of espionage in this building. The sanctity of this place must be protected,” Sunak said as he updated Parliament on his meetings at the G20.
“And the right of members to speak their minds without fear or sanction must be maintained. We will defend our democracy – and our security. So, I was emphatic with Premier Li that actions which seek to undermine British democracy are completely unacceptable and will never be tolerated,” he said.
The Chinese foreign ministry dismissed the accusations on Monday as “completely fabricated” and a “political stunt”.
“We urge the UK side to stop spreading fake information and stop the anti-China political manipulation and malicious slander,” the ministry’s spokeswoman Mao Ning said.
In an earlier statement, the Chinese embassy in London urged “relevant parties to stop anti-China political manipulation and putting on such self-staged political farce”.
On Monday, House of Commons Speaker Lindsay Hoyle said parliament used the same vetting procedures as the government and was seeking to address any security concerns raised by the media.
“We keep our security arrangements under review at all times in order to deal with the evolving threats. The small number of people that needed to know were immediately briefed on a confidential basis,” he said.

Hoyle also discouraged MPs from discussing security issues, including the details of the investigation, in parliament.
“Commenting on the identities of those alleged to be involved, engaging in speculation about the case and discussing other details runs a serious risk of prejudicing any future prosecutions,” Hoyle said. “The comments made in the media were unhelpful.”
In the Commons on Monday, Deputy Prime Minister Oliver Dowden defended the government’s approach to China, saying its “absolute priority” was to protect Britain from any activity by a foreign state that “seeks to undermine our national security, prosperity and democratic values”.
Several China hawks in Parliament renewed their calls on Monday for the government to label Beijing a threat.
“My anxiety is we still flip-flop all over the place … we’ve seen foreign secretaries one moment wanting to suck up to China and the next minute wanting to have robust words with China,” said Chris Bryant, a Labour MP. “It simply doesn’t work. Why oh why have we still not declared China is a threat to UK national security?”
Dowden said the UK government had been “consistent” in its approach to Beijing.
“We must engage with the Chinese as we do with many, many other countries around the world with whom we do not share a number of their values,” Dowden said. “It is not a realistic position to take that we should entirely cut off from engagement with China. You should engage with China, but be absolutely clear about where we disagree with them and clear eyed in protecting our national security.”
The alleged spy taught at an international school in the Chinese city of Hangzhou through a British Council scheme.
British and China are talking but ‘irritants in the relationship will remain’
He subsequently completed a master’s degree in China and globalisation at King’s College London before securing a position at the China Research Group, a prominent organisation that has helped drive the debate on Beijing in Britain. He had a parliamentary pass as a result of his work for Kearns, an MP who has called for a more robust China policy.
The think tank has been painted as a more nuanced, policy-oriented companion to the tougher-talking Inter-Parliamentary Alliance on China (IPAC), an international group of cross-party legislators that has come out swinging since details of the arrest were published.
“The suspect was a figure hostile to IPAC’s work and not involved with IPAC in any way,” the group said in a statement on Saturday night. “We urge authorities to reveal the name of the suspect, so as to avoid casting a wide web of suspicion in a community already strained by the PRC’s transnational repression.”
The allegations that a person working for China had access to sensitive government information comes at a delicate time for Sunak, who has tried to balance Britain’s economic needs following its exit from the European Union three years ago with calls for a harder line on human rights and security issues.
Sunak’s government has called for the UK’s foreign policy approach on China to “evolve”, but not gone so far as to describe China as a “strategic threat” as some backbenchers have hoped.
In November, Ken McCallum, the director general of Britain’s domestic security agency MI5, called the Chinese Communist Party the “most game-changing” challenge Britain faces in a joint speech with FBI director Chris Wray.
In July, a damning report by an influential parliamentary committee said China had ruthlessly targeted Britain’s commercial and academic institutions and successive governments had been slow to recognise the threat posed by Beijing.
News of the arrests also comes just two weeks after James Cleverly became the first British foreign secretary to travel to China in five years.
As part of his meeting with his Chinese counterpart Wang Yi, Cleverly stressed the need for “constructive engagement” between the two countries, but also called for the lifting of Chinese sanctions against several MPs who have been outspoken on Beijing and touched on several sensitive topics, including Hong Kong’s controversial national security law and the treatment of Uygurs in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region.


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China-UK relations

Claims of spy in British parliament trigger fresh bout of soul-searching over country’s approach to China

The alleged spy worked for a China focused think tank founded by the Conservative MP and now minister Tom Tugendhat. Photo: AFP

The suspect worked as a researcher for a Conservative MP, giving him access to parliament. Photo: EPA-EFE

The news broke just before Prime Minister Rishi Sunak meet Chinese premier Li Qiang at the G20 summit in India. Photo: dpa

UK PM meets Chinese premier, slams alleged interference in parliament

Metropolitan Police officers walk past the Palace of Westminster, home to the Houses of Parliament in London, on Monday. Photo: AFP

British lawmaker Alicia Kearns speaks to members of the media in Taipei, Taiwan in December 2022. Photo: Reuter

UK Prime Minister Rishi Sunak and his wife Akshata Murty at a temple in Delhi on Sunday, on the sidelines of the G20 summit. Photo: dpa

Germany’s University of Erlangen-Nuremberg stops accepting state-funded Chinese students and researchers over spying fears

Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg will no longer accept students funded by the China Scholarship Council. Photo: Handout

Some observers warn more German institutions may impose restrictions on Chinese students and researchers. Photo: Shutterstock

Britain’s MI5 is being sued for calling Christine Lee a Chinese agent

Christine Lee is suing Britain’s MI5 for alleging that she was a Chinese agent. Photo: British Chinese Project handout/ AFP

China-focused group of global lawmakers meet in Washington to discuss united response to Beijing

Lawmakers from around the world gather at the US Capitol on Washington for a summit of the Inter-Parliamentary Alliance on China on Tuesday. Image: IPAC

News

China

Diplomacy

The parliamentary researcher had access to sensitive materials because of his work with Conservative MPs on China policy
The alleged spy has said he is ‘completely innocent’ while China’s foreign ministry described the allegations as a ‘malicious slander’


The parliamentary researcher had access to sensitive materials because of his work with Conservative MPs on China policy.


Britain

Espionage

Rishi Sunak

China’s Communist Party

Claims of spy in British parliament trigger fresh bout of soul-searching over country’s approach to China

The parliamentary researcher had access to sensitive materials because of his work with Conservative MPs on China policy The alleged spy has said he is ‘completely innocent’ while China’s foreign ministry described the allegations as a ‘malicious slander’

The parliamentary researcher had access to sensitive materials because of his work with Conservative MPs on China policy

The alleged spy has said he is ‘completely innocent’ while China’s foreign ministry described the allegations as a ‘malicious slander’