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The View | Xi Jinping’s ‘Green Leap Forward’ will shape China’s environmental future

  • The Chinese leader’s support for environmental protection will ensure it continues to play a big role in domestic policy
  • While improvements to the environment testify to the government’s commitment to its green agenda, challenges remain to realise China’s aspiration of ecological civilisation

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Tourists ride horses near wind turbines on the grassland in Zhangbei county, Hebei province, on August 15. China, currently the top emitter of greenhouse gases in the world, aims to reach net zero by 2060, requiring significant slashing of emissions. Photo: AP
In laying out a vision for China’s next five years at the recent Communist Party congress, President Xi Jinping pledged support for environmental protection and promoting low-carbon industries, declaring the need for “harmony between humanity and nature when planning our development”.
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His statements suggest that what has come to be described as a “Green Leap Forward” will continue to play a significant role in Chinese domestic policy.

China’s strong economic growth in recent decades has come at enormous environmental and ecological costs. In more recent times, Beijing has sought to improve the condition of the local environment and protect it from further degradation.

Since Xi assumed power, China has made tackling climate change a priority in domestic policy. A notable example was its commitment to the dual carbon goals of reaching peak carbon emissions by 2030 and making China carbon neutral by 2060.

A key aspect of the Green Leap Forward is Xi’s belief in the importance of environmental protection, as reflected in his “two mountains” saying. He first likened green mountains to gold mountains in 2005 when he was secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee, to express the view that clear waters and green mountains are as valuable as gold and silver mountains. This view is reflected in domestic policies such as the national green development push, green agricultural development and other sustainable development policies.

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Another significant aspect of the Green Leap Forward is the concept of an “ecological civilisation”, a conceptual framework for sustainable development. This suggests that establishing a new civilisation based on ecological principles is necessary to overcome significant social injustice and global climate disruptions.
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