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Opinion | How ‘poisonous shrimp’ Singapore became the US’ undeclared ally in Asia

  • The city state has deftly fortified strategic ties with the West while remaining a trusted interlocutor to and top investor in China
  • Although it was overlooked for the US’ upcoming democracy summit, Singapore remains America’s most reliable strategic partner in Southeast Asia

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Illustration: Craig Stephens
“In a world where the big fish eat small fish and the small fish eat shrimps, Singapore must become a poisonous shrimp,” former Singaporean prime minister Lee Kuan Yew said in a famous 1966 speech. Bereft of allies and surrounded by hostile neighbours at the height of the Cold War, Lee made a passionate plea for steadfastness and self-reliance in face of danger.
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Half a century later, Singapore has transformed into a 21st-century Sparta, respected by major powers and boasting one of the world’s most well-equipped armed forces. Thus, the Biden administration’s decision to snub Singapore, among other Southeast Asian states, for its upcoming Summit for Democracy has raised some eyebrows.

But what is often overlooked about Singapore is its quiet yet steady emergence as America’s most reliable strategic partner in Southeast Asia. Remarkably, the city state has fortified strategic ties with the West while remaining a trusted interlocutor to and top investor in China, underscoring Singapore’s diplomatic finesse.

Following Singapore’s expulsion from the Malayan federation, the country’s founding fathers adopted a distinct strategic doctrine. It was anchored in two key tenets – the importance of pragmatism in dealing with larger neighbours as well as the recognition of existential vulnerability to external threats.

A couple wearing face masks walk past the Merlion statue in Singapore on March 14, 2020. Singapore’s strategic doctrine has been anchored in two key tenets – the importance of pragmatism in dealing with larger neighbours as well as the recognition of existential vulnerability to external threats.Photo: AP
A couple wearing face masks walk past the Merlion statue in Singapore on March 14, 2020. Singapore’s strategic doctrine has been anchored in two key tenets – the importance of pragmatism in dealing with larger neighbours as well as the recognition of existential vulnerability to external threats.Photo: AP

The upshot of this strategic doctrine, which was institutionalised by Lee and his foreign minister Sinnathamby Rajaratnam, was a sophisticated, non-aligned foreign policy. As Lee declared in the thick of the Cold War, “We are non-aligned if we are asked to choose between competing power blocs.”

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