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Opinion | Coronavirus crisis: How the death of Li Wenliang, a doctor and ordinary citizen, sparked Chinese demands for freedom of speech

  • A reluctant hero, the doctor who was reprimanded for warning about the coronavirus has, in death, become a lightning rod for public unhappiness with the government’s tight control of information

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Illustration: Craig Stephens

On February 6, two Wuhan doctors who had separately warned of a looming viral outbreak – Zhang Jixian and Li Wenliang – made the news for very different reasons.

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Dr Zhang, the 54-year-old head of the respiratory department at a Hubei provincial hospital, had received an award for championing the fight against the novel coronavirus pneumonia, Xinhua reported that afternoon. “With extremely acute professional awareness, Zhang was the first person to make the diagnosis and insist on reporting the epidemic. She was the first to sound the alarm for the prevention work of the virus,” according to the Hubei government announcement cited in the report.

Zhang was commended for treating seven patients with a new kind of flu last December, making her the first to diagnose the novel coronavirus, which in the next several weeks would kill hundreds and sicken tens of thousands globally. Alerted to the disease’s contagious nature, Zhang immediately reported it to the hospital and suggested a multi-department consultation.

The news of her award, however, received far less attention on Chinese social media than the plight of Dr Li.

That night, reports circulated that Li, a 34 year-old ophthalmologist, had lost the battle with the virus he had warned his colleagues about. Early the next morning, his death was confirmed, prompting tributes and expressions of anger throughout the nation.

On December 30, apparently based on information leaked from Zhang’s report, Li wrote a post on a WeChat private chat group he shared with his medical school classmates. The post, titled “Seven cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome (Sars) from the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market”, warned about a likely outbreak at his hospital, and he asked chat group members to keep the information to themselves and “remind your family members and loved ones to be on the alert”.
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