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Blockchain ambitions: China’s e-yuan kick starts a rush to mint digital currencies all along the new Silk Road

  • Cambodia launched the digital bakong last October, describing it as a hybrid CBDC that supports transactions in both the riel and the US dollar
  • Indonesia’s central bank governor confirmed in May that Southeast Asia’s largest economy would launch a digital currency

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A currency dealer in the Balochistan provincial capital of Quetta in Pakistan on January 3, 2018. Pakistan adopted the use of the Chinese renminbi for imports, exports and financing transactions for bilateral trade and investment activities. Photo: AFP

In the second instalment of a three-part series produced with support from the Judith Neilson Institute for Journalism and Ideas, Forkast.News looks at how countries in Asia and along the New Silk Road may adopt the digital yuan or create their own digital currency. Part 1 was published on June 28 and Part 3 will be published on June 30.

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When the first caravans carrying Chinese silks arrived in ancient Rome, it set off a female fashion craze. The wives of senators and generals had never felt or seen anything so lustrous. Like the Chinese elite, they adopted the material as a symbol of wealth and status, embroidered silk robes with gold and wore them to the grave.

China announced a Digital Silk Road (DSR) with a 2015 white paper that described a range of technology and communications projects. But it wasn’t obvious what, if anything, would play the role of silk. Now it’s clear that just as threads spun from the pupae of silkworms drove the growth of a global trade network, China’s digital yuan may weave an enduring international system of finance. The first inroads have already been dug: Developing economies have adopted the yuan as their own, and wealthier economies in Asia and beyond are exploring their own fiat digital currency, whether they like it or not, to stay competitive with China.

Government leaders “are looking for the light at the end of the tunnel and the train is the light; it’s coming right at them,” said Don Tapscott, executive chairman of the Toronto-based Blockchain Research Institute. The stakes are very high.

“If China wins with its central bank digital currency, they’ll roll it out across … Africa, into Southeast Asia,” he said. “The [yuan] becomes the currency of record and that’s the end of the American hegemony in the world.”
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The DSR is an essential component of China’s Belt and Road (BRI) global infrastructure plan, announced in 2013.
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